Friday, December 27, 2019

The American With Disabilities Act - 1885 Words

Introduction/Brief History As humans, it is our duty to make the world a better, and safer place for all the creatures that live on earth. We may not always do but we try most of the times. Whenever there is a problem or the need to change something that is not convenient, the governments of our countries come up with laws and regulations to solve these problems. Ever since the beginning of times a few children were born with disabilities, it was very hard for them to survive due to lack of resources and accommodations; in some countries they were even killed at birth. Over time the governments realized that there was a problem for children and adults and disabilities that needed to be solved. The American government came up with the ADA also known as the American with Disabilities Act, a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against disability, it was signed in July of 1990 and effective in January of 1992. It was a great change for disabled people, they were more protected against discrimination, th ey had more rights, and most public facilities, commercial buildings and schools began installing infrastructures that would make that would make accessibility for disabled more efficient. Since then life is much easier for disabled individuals. The ADA Requirements for playgrounds, which is the focus of this paper, discusses the infrastructures and designs that need to be met in playgrounds at schools, parks, homes and other facilities. The ADA requirements forShow MoreRelatedThe Disabilities Of The Americans With Disabilities Act1551 Words   |  7 Pageswith a disability (US Census Bureau, 2015). There are 6.4 million children between the ages of 3 to 21 that are receiving special education services (National Center for Education Statistics, 2014). In Georgia, 23.4% of the population are people under the age of 21 living with a disability (Erickson Schrader, 2014). Bulloch County has a population of 71,214 and of the entire population, 16% of them are living with a disability (Cornell, 2012). By the standards of the Americans with DisabilitiesRead MoreThe Americans With Disabilities Act1277 Words   |  6 Pageshaving a disability was seen as a physical imperfection. People with disabilities were treated as moral and social subordinates. We were trained that if a person had a disability they were not able to perform a task with the same ability as a normal person. They have been denied jobs for which they are highly qualified because they have been considered incompetent, or because employers were not comfortable with their presence in the workplace. Occasionally people with certain disabilities have beenRead MoreThe Americans With Disabilities Act931 Words   |  4 Pageslaw in 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has been a challenge for employers to implement. This law prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in both public and public businesses. There were numerous lawsuits where disabled employees have charged that employers h ave failed to accommodate his or her needs in the workplace. However, Supreme Court decisions interpreted the act in a way that made it difficult to prove that an impairment was a disability thereby ruling inRead MoreThe American With Disabilities Act971 Words   |  4 Pages The American with Disabilities Act was signed into law on July 26, 1990, by President George H.W. Bush. (Mayerson, 1992). According to Hallahan, Kauffman, Pullen (2015, P, 14) â€Å"the ADA provides protection of the civil rights in the specific areas of employment, transportation, public, accommodation, State and local government, and telecommunication. According to Mayerson (1992, P1) â€Å"the ADA did not began at the signing ceremony at the White House, but it began in the communities, when parentsRead MoreAmericans with Disabilities Act779 Words   |  3 PagesAmericans With Disabilities Act Website 1 http://www.cato.org Sponsoring Agency: The CATO Institute Content and Website Layout: The CATO Institute has afforded the public with myriad resources, regarding disabilities, education, child policy, welfare, government and politics. This website is fraught with publications, informative videos and commentary. Summary of Contributions: In essence, the CATO Institute has invariably aided the public, including segments of the population who have sufferedRead MoreThe Americans With Disabilities Act Essay964 Words   |  4 Pages All Americans deserve the right to receive the best medical treatment available, that includes those with disabilities. So what is ADA? What makes it so essential? ADA may seem like just a couple letters from the alphabet, although to a person that has a disability it means a whole lot more. ADA stands for Americans with Disabilities Act. The Americans with Disabilities Act is extremely vital in the medical field. Not only is it the law to ensure that there is appropriate access to those with disabilitiesRead MoreThe Americans With Disabilities Act1577 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans with Disabilities Act I Introduction The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is federal legislation designed to prevent discrimination against disabled people. It applies to all disabled persons, no matter the nature of their disability. This paper examines the ADA and discusses some of the ramifications of the legislation. II Americans with Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities Act (hereafter ADA) was enacted in 1990, and its purpose is stated thusly: â€Å"The Americans withRead MoreThe On The American With Disability Act931 Words   |  4 PagesAs a supervisor according to my knowledge based on the American with Disability Act, I as supervisor would give Cheryl an oral warning. I will notify her that the ADA law states that she needs to do her job appropriately. I will check on her time and performance. If she did not perform a good job then I will give her a written warning. My first recommendation is that she should meet the EPA advisor and get some assistance from that program because that program may give her the lesson how to improveRead MoreAmericans with Disability Act926 Words   |  4 PagesAmericans with Disabilities Act was established to restrain illegal discrimination in employment against individuals qualified to be disabled. The purpose of the law was to generally end discrimination in the place of work and to deliver equal employment chances for individuals living with disabilities or have had histories of disabilities. The act defends employees that experience physical or mental deficiency that greatly limits a key life activity. In addition to that, it protects the rights ofRead MoreThe American With Disabilities Act998 Words   |  4 PagesDisability is a complex word to define. Several attempts have been made to provide simplistic definition of the word however, it just added to more confusion and misuse of what the word disability m eans. The American with Disabilities Act (ADA) defines disability as â€Å"a physical or mental impairment that limits one or more of the major life activities of such individual†. There are many different perspectives of what the term disability means from an administrative, clinical, or academic research

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Conflict Of God And Empire - 1408 Words

God and Empire is ultimately about the Roman Empire and its relationship with/to the early church. I believe that Crossan’s key idea or â€Å"thesis† is that civilization naturally promotes developing an empire and violence, but the bible, regardless of the many violent acts inside of it, is encouraging use to choose a life of nonviolence. Civilization currently exists on the intrinsic belief that violence is normal, which is a principle that was obviously held in early Rome. In fact, it is this imperialistic ideology and belief in violence that gives the emperor his power. Oddly enough, it makes him seen as both a divinity and a peacemaker. In the society of the Roman Empire, peace built on the value of victory and therefore it comes with the forced acceptance of injustice, because always, in order for one to win, the other must lose. Crossan also explains that although civilization tends to normalize violence, it is possible that violence is not our ultimate destiny. He shows that both possibilities; violence and nonviolence, are present in the bible, often side by side. Crossan would like us to realize that the choice between the violence and none violence is ours to make. He shows that there is proof of this choice in both the Old and New Testament. Moreover, the Bible, he says, â€Å"is about the ambiguity of divine justice† (p. 94). Crossan’s analysis really begins with chapter 2. In this chapter he digs into the debate in The Old Testament surrounding the principles of justiceShow MoreRelatedThe Egyptian, Assyrian, And Persian Empires1580 Words   |  7 PagesFrom 1567 to 330 B.C. humanity experienced many subsequent development as well as decline in its civilizations. Among these events emerged three colossal empires that had shaken the world and forever changed the course of human history. The Egyptian, Assyrian, and Persian Empires have been instrumental in influencing technology, religion, and ideas throughout the world. Various factors have contributed to the success and downfall of these giants. Each of the â€Å"World Powers† have similarities as wellRead MoreHistory And Advances Of The Christian Church Essay1003 Words   |  5 Pagesthe course of Foundations of Reflection: God, my mission is to appreciate and learn the history and advances of the Christian Church. As students, we analyze cultural texts and describe meaningful events to develop an answer to â€Å"who,† â€Å"what,† and â€Å"why† there is a transcendent God. This composition will focus the historical-social context, ecclesial context, and modifications to the Church that occurred from three critical events; Fall of the Roman Empire, World War II, and the Celebration of theRead MoreChristianity And Islam : The World s Largest Religions1501 Words   |  7 Pagesreligions teach that â€Å"there is One true and only God, the righteous and transcendent Creator of all things in heaven and earth† (34). Both religions have foundational texts, Christianity has the bible and Islam has the Quaran. Although among their similarities the two religions differ in many ways. In this essay I will focus on the two religions origins and geographical locations, key people who fostered the religion, who they appealed to and their empires. Much like we all were born on a day we callRead MoreHow Did The Construction Of The Angkor State Lead A Collapse?1040 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom Java, marking the beginning of the Angkor period. With strong political, religious, and economic power, the Khmer empire established a territory including Cambodia, parts of southern Vietnam, and much of Thailand. Angkor, the capitol city of the Khmer empire, came to be a complex and prosperous metropolis that supported a very large population. Eventually, the Khmer Empire came to a cultural demise midway through the fifteenth century. The unifying culture came to an end, and many of the factorsRead MoreThe Economic Activity Of The Early Roman State1616 Words   |  7 Pageswere the power house, and they continually made policy and governed. The Roman Senate also seemed like an advisory council, because of the job and role they played. 5) The flaws in the Roman Republic the Conflict of Orders highlighted was the inequalities found in Roman society, which led to conflict between the elite and the rest of the population in Rome. The elite were called the patricians, while the majority of the population was called the plebeians, and plebeians rebelled against the patriciansRead MoreIslam, The Ottoman And Safavid Empire1528 Words   |  7 PagesIslam, the Ottoman and Safavid Empire Every empire that has ever been created constantly evolves. They will grow or they will diminish. Many empires cease to exist and some even start over under a different name. Throughout history, faith and religion have been at the core of almost every successful empire. There are a lot of factors that play into their faith. Two of the greatest empires to ever exist were the Ottoman and Safavid Empire. The Ottoman Empire was so large that it spanned from the IranianRead MoreThe Role Of Cities And The Countryside Play During Rome s Empire1649 Words   |  7 PagesIn chapter 4, Carter first describes how large the Roman empire was, explaining that the territory ranged from England, across Europe to the Middle East, and even into northern Africa (44). He goes further to describe the vast territory by stating the fact that 60 to 70 million people lived within the empire, with 5-7% living in the cities (44). Carter stated these facts so that the reader would have a better gauge for how la rge the empire was when he begins to explain his purpose of the chapterRead MoreThucydides And Thucydides History And Warfare1645 Words   |  7 Pagesexplanations of the origins of conflict. Herodotus focuses on recalling the origins of the Ionian Revolt, the rise of the Persian Empire, and the Persian Wars with Greece, while Thucydides writes about the Peloponnesian War. M.I. Finely suggests, in the introduction of Thucydides’ book that Thucydides is complementing Herodotus by beginning where Herodotus left off (Finley, History of the Peloponnesian War p.16). Although these two historians approach the start of conflicts in different ways, it seemsRead MoreGreek and Roman civilizations1262 Words   |  6 Pagesmany great empires, but none have made a greater impact than the Greek and Roman empires. These empires began as small city-states, and grew to become the powerful empires we know today. The Greek and Roman empires were not always enemies, considering the Romans were greatly influenced by the Greek culture. The two civilizations shared many similarities, but had different opinions on government operations. There are three different periods that span the history of the Greek and Roman empires; the HellenicRead MoreIslamic Religion And The Islamic World959 Words   |  4 PagesAs the Islamic religion rose, both the Persian, and Eastern Roman Empire began to collapse. In the seventh and eighth century, the rise of Islamic religion began to quickly move to rule the territories, taking over to create what is now a very important change in Islamic history. The rise of Islam began in the Arabian desert, showing great change for Islam as a religion, as well as the nature of the Islamic empire, but eventually this great rise began to collapse. The events that took place, is considered

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

The Ethics of Photos Major Principles of Ethics

Question: Describe about The Ethics of Photos for Major Principles of Ethics. Answer: Introduction Ethics are the major principles that reflect the values as well as norms of a society. In other words, ethics are simply the guidelines for its members for treating each other as per the accepted ideals with a fair approach (Djajadikerta Trireksani, 2013). The ethical consequences tend to be formed by the nature of service, profit, ownership, representation as well as creativity in the practice of photography (Keyzer et al., 2013). The ethical issues are often confused by the new technological application as well as exacerbated by the political ideology or cultural preferences and the individual ambition and personality. Therefore, this study aims to identify the ethical consequences associated with the digital photography (Scarles, 2013). There are numerous ethical issues in relation to the photography those must be considered in order to evaluate the resolution to address the consequences. The issues that will be the outcome of the evaluation should be taken seriously and mitigate d as soon as possible. This contemporary digital era has permitted people in order to gain as well as obtain the access to the digital photographs that belong to others. Online games, Mobile Technology, Social Media, Public Forums as well as the numerous other communications have provide allowance to people for utilizing images in various ways. ICT allows people for manipulating as well as changing the nature of few images by providing them a distinct purpose and a distinct meaning as well. Therefore, an ethical concern or consequences can be formed in this scenario. (Langmann Pick, 2014) The most effective victims of such unethical circumstances are the children and mostly the women. Therefore, crucial security issues are encountered those arise from the usage of the photos in the online environments such as the social media like Facebook and many others (Allen, 2012). Therefore, this study highlights all the crucial ethical issues of digital photography such as the ethical concerns of the intangible and intellectual property, images on social media, identity theft, access to the images, ownership and camera access using mobile devices, deception and manipulation using images and other ethical concerns. Discussion and Analysis The use of photographs in Digital world The digital photography is the form of photography that utilizes the cameras containing electronic photodetector arrays for capturing images focused by the lens as reversed to exposure on the photographic film (Van der Rijt Hoffman, 2014). The captured photographs are stored as well as digitalized as a computer file ready for the further digital printing, publishing, viewing as well as digital processing (Palacios-Gonzlez, 2015). Photography in the digital world is one of the various forms of digital imaging. The images that are available electronically can be uploaded to the websites or the social networking sites by the user. The user takes a photo with the help of digital camera or the present pictures can be scanned and then uploads the pictures to the internet. There could be various forms of pictures that can be transmitted or shared in the digital world. The Digital photographs are also made by the non-photographic equipment like the radio telescopes and computer tomography s canners. The photographs have huge utilities in the digital world (Quinn Manning, 2013). The uses of the digital photographs in the digital can be specified with the help of the benefits of the digital photography. The major advantage of the digital photography is that it is more cost effective than the film photography. On the other hand, digital photography helps in showing the instant previews. Apart from that, the digital photographs are very easy for sharing (Djajadikerta Trireksani, 2013). People can upload the digital photos to the websites, email those photos to their friends as well as store them on the CDs. apart from being easily stored and shared the technology for storing the photos are also cheaper and are more resilient to corruption. The technology hence has caught the fancy of the people. Most interesting fact regarding the photography in the digital world is that digital photography is more environment-friendly than the film photography. The digital photographs also take lesser space compared to the analog pictures and hence are more compact and user-friendly. The digital photos that have been taken can be easily modified and made more presentable compared to the film photogr aphy and hence has become more popular. Apart from being easier to implement and modify the photos are technology is also easier to use, more user-friendly and is also cheaper compared to the analog counterpart. There are several field where the digital photography plays an effective role (Keyzer et al., 2013). Digital photography is very significant in order to sell a particular product, in order to make insurance as well as an accident claim. Digital photographs are very effective in the clinical and medical world. Digital photographs are also very important for the driving license, passports and many other identity proofs (Scarles, 2013). Digital photos are also playing a very important role in the educational uses as well. Malicious use of the pictures The misuse or the malicious use of the digital photographs has become a crucial issue for people. The digital photographs are very significant in the digital world. However, along with this fact, it has also been seen that the digital photographs are being misused by people against which, an immediate action must be taken as soon as possible (Langmann Pick, 2014). The malicious use of the digital photos is simply a significant crime. Women as well as the teenagers are the general victims of such crime (Allen, 2012). The malicious uses of images have been rampant in schools and various offices around the world and draw criticism from everyone. Hence the practice which is not at all ethical should be discouraged and the users should be made more aware about the malice involving the digital image sharing over internet. On the other hand, in this digital age, the online platform or the social media are the most general platform through which such malicious use of the pictures are perfor med by the criminals (Van der Rijt Hoffman, 2014). Facebook is such an online platform over which such crime of misusing photographs is taken place. In this contemporary digital world, peoples lives have been dominated by the smart-phones that have changed the way people interact and most importantly the way people conduct, commence and end friendships and relationships (Palacios-Gonzlez, 2015). Hacking is such a criminal process through which the digital photos are misused the most. Image theft from the Facebook account of a user or the other social website is also a crucial misuse of image. The images stolen from the social media websites can be misused by applying those images in the pornography videos (Quinn Manning, 2013). In case of the business world, politics and other fields, the malicious use of photographs of the political leaders and business leaders can damage the impression of a political leader or party or harm the reputation or the revenue of a business organization (Djajadikerta Trireksani, 2013). In other words, the malicious use of the photographs can ruin all the aspects of personal and professional lives. Legal issues involved in malicious use of pictures As discussed earlier, the malicious use or the misuse of the photographs in this digital is the most vulnerable activity with the photographs. These malicious uses or the misuses of the digital photographs are completely unethical activity as per the legal aspect (Keyzer et al., 2013). Thus, there are several legal or the ethical issues incorporated with the malicious usage of the pictures in this digital world. Among the legal issues of the misuse of the pictures, security concern is the most important and significant legal concern of this matter (Quinn Manning, 2013). The malicious use of the digital pictures over the online platforms such as the Social Media like Facebook, Twitter and other online sources can mostly hamper the security or the privacy aspects of the victims account (Scarles, 2013). On the other hand, stealing images in the organizations can hamper the ethical aspects of the organizations. Due to the misuse of the pictures in the organizations made by the hackers o r the other illegal accesses, it would result in the loss of the employees (Langmann Pick, 2014). Apart from that, the misuse of the digital photographs in making the pornographic videos is completely illegal while the photos are literally stolen from peoples social media account without their concerns (Allen, 2012). On the other hand, it is also the fact that the pornography is not legal in most of the countries in all over the world. Apart from that, the legal issues of the malicious use of the photographs can create a negative impact on the professional as well as the personal lives of people (Palacios-Gonzlez, 2015). This illegal access of the photographs can ruin the political, educational as well as business activities due to which the general people are most affected. Ethical issues involved with the use of the digital pictures There are several ethical issues associated with the digital images, like the manipulation of the images, image theft, plagiarism of the photo, etc. In the digital era of photography photos are captured in every second and shared worldwide between wide ranges of individuals (Barbovschi,Green Vandoninck, 2013). The introduction of digital images has also introduced various tools for the manipulation of the image, using which the image can be altered. This turned into an ethical issue and the tool can be used to manipulate and influence people. The digital images should be used for the display of the reality but tampering the image is acceptable to certain limits and exceeding the limit can change the originality of the image leading it to an ethical issue (Greensmith Green, 2015). The digital images can be stolen and sold over the internet without the permission of the owner. The stolen image can be misused and manipulated to destroy the personality of a person or expose negatively t o the society. Plagiarism of the photo is another ethical issue associated with the digital image; it is the situation when someone borrows the idea of another photographer and uses it for his image (Hannay Baatard, 2011). It is a most common case in the recent times where the photographer steals the idea and tries to perform better and often succeed in doing so. In the fashion industry most of the images on the cover pages of the magazine are altered digitally. But sometimes they are altered drastically making the model looking completely different from the real life (ORourke, 2011). Thus are ethical issues regarding the digital photography, the images should be altered or retouched that is acceptable to the society but going beyond the limits makes it an ethical issue. Use of pictures of children Most of the people having children at their home posts images of their children or the persons at the schools posts pictures of the students on different social media sites. These pictures can adversely cause embarrassment for someone (Students) in short term or long term (Livingstone, 2014). The reason behind this is, anyone can edit and misuse the uploaded photos on the social media. In addition to this the use of photo tagging feature which is used to identify people present in the picture can also cause breach in the privacy of an individual (Staksrud, lafsson Livingstone, 2013). Therefore, it is important for the individuals and school authorities to protect their children and students from the adverse effects as a result of publishing their picture. To do this the parents can upload pictures that focus on the group activities. In addition to this parents also consider controlling the availability of the pictures to different group of audiences. Students must not take, use, sha re and publish images of other students (Staksrud, lafsson Livingstone, 2013). Therefore, while posting or sharing the pictures of the children then, two things must be taken care of. The amount of information the photo or the picture providing, the consent of the children. This is mostly about the information that a child wants to or ignores to see it online. Difference between the use of pictures in websites and social media Today different site and social media platforms are mainly populated with digital images to convey information, messages, and to assist people to understand reality. The images are also used to change the existing mindset of the people. The pictures used all around the world for publicizing, advertising and giving momentum to organizations around the world. In early periods the images are manipulated with the chemicals which were detectable. But today when the pictures are manipulated and are posted on an informative website then it can mislead the viewers (Bobkowski Smith, 2013). This will consequently lead the viewers to get a wrong and manipulated concept about any incident, object or personality, which has even resulted in many cases of suicide and depression. Today the there are several digital tools are available for manipulation of the pictures. The one that is most famous among the users is the Photoshop created by Adobe. These unintended changes in the pictures can lead to visual deception. In addition to this when the images are manipulated and posted on the different social media platforms with the intention to entertain people may hurt some one's emotion (Hazell, 2011). Most adversely, if someone creates any image (Trolls) depicting a public figure doing stupid things, then it will be a reason for public unrest created by the followers of that specific personality. In addition to this if someone creates any image or picture by disrespecting the faith or religious belief of any community then, it will also become the reason of religious riots in any country (Livingstone, 2014). This happens due to the most special feature of a picture or photograph to generate an immediate emotional response either for an event (for a personality, object) or against any event. Even though the increasing awareness about the different manipulation techniques is frequently associated with loss of trust on the different news portals and websites, but it is not the correct time to say that the use of the images and photographs to convey messages must be abolished due to the manipulation of the images (Stein, 2009). Here it can be said that as the internet is considered as the major source of knowledge and information, therefore the owners of the websites or the policy makers of the websites and social media platforms must review the different images and photo posts that are uploaded by different users (Hazell, 2011). This will help in maintaining the faith of people which are challenged by the possibilities of different seamless manipulation techniques. The ownership of the images posted on Social Networking sites The images that are posted on the social networking sites are the property of the owner, and the copyright should belong to the creator. The owner of the image have the right to copy, use or distribute the image but when the image is posted on the social networking site the site gets a license to use the image for their commercial activity and can share the image with other individuals also (Hannay Baatard, 2011). For example, Twitter or Facebook can use the uploaded image of a person for their commercial gains which can be done by obtaining likes and shares of the images. The photos that are posted on the site can be easily downloaded from the websites, and as has been mentioned in the previous section the images can be used for a variety of malicious practices that can create a problem for the person. The Twitpic service of Twitter is riskier than Facebook; it can access the deleted photos of the users. This means that they can use the image even after the termination of the license (ORourke, 2011). Twitter can also give access permission to different users and gain profit from the image without paying the user the profit percentage. Thus the social media users must be aware of the terms and conditions of the site before posting the photo to their websites. The problem regarding the ownership of the image can be an ethical issue for the social networking media (Green, 2013). The issue should be mitigated such that the users feel free to post their images, and the sharing of the license should be limited to the social networking site, and it should not be redistributed to the other users (Cook, 2010). There is a risk associated with the other users of the social networking that they can misuse the images for performing illegal activities. The security issues related to photos used on Social Networking Sites (SNS) There are various security concerns and little advantages associated with the sharing of the photos over the internet. The sharing of the pictures could be in any website or the SNS, which makes the pictures available to the digital environment (Cook Kumar and Unmar-Satiah 2015). The major security concerns are identity theft, sexual predators, stalking, victimization, and surveillance. The lesser known advantages are fame and employment. The identity theft affects millions of internet users around the world every year. The impact of such act results in loss of countless hours and money to the whole system. The primary reason behind such act is a lack of knowledge regarding the online identity and the growing trust and comfort of people on the around the social networking sites. The lack of standardization and policing is another reason behind such malicious practices. The social networking sites generate revenue by helping in targeted advertisement (CrippsStanding and Fanning 2015). The sites shared the personal information about the user and based upon the information the companies advertise on the home page of the user profile. Since there is a lack of government oversight, user education, and industry standards, the user is not well educated about the issue that is associated with sharing of data over such websites. Hence sharing of sensitive data and photos are rampant and has led to the case involving identity t hreats. A recent algorithm patented by Google can rate the user influence of such site which will encourage the data sharing of the users. There are millions of users around the world who use SNS which include the criminal and persons with a criminal mentality. The users of such websites should understand that the photos and the data they share are available to them, and such sensitive information is prone to threats from both internal and external sources equally. The validity of Photo IDs in todays environment A photo ID card is a document used for identification of the person. The ID card contains basic information like the Photo of the person, name, and address. The main motive of using the ID cards is for face to face identification and authentication. Availability of photos at several places can be a serious threat to one's identity. Fake photo identities have always been a problem to the society, and the availability of photos over the internet make the process of faking even easier (Dhouha et al. 2014). The social networking encourages the user to share maximum information about them, which can help the friends to have a clear picture about What? When? Why? about the user. Although the social networking has helped the world to be a very compact place, the shared information can be seen by other internet users too. The sensitive information about the user can be accessed in a jiffy ((Bobkowski Smith, 2013)). Since the photo ID cards contain only necessary information about the user which can be readily accessed through the Internet, generation of ID cards have become easier. Hence it can be understood that the validity of ID cards have become big questions. Hence the governments around the world are going for multiple authenticities, which consist of both physical and the digital data (Johnston et al. 2013). The magnetically coded ID cards have become a trend in industries which has both physical and electronic data for authentication. Geocaching and Online Images Geocaching, which is similar to the game of letterboxing, can be used for many purposes such as gaming or making the package available to selective people. This technique is mainly used in the public domain for a treasure hunt. The pictures of the site and the coordinates are shared, and the treasure hunter has to go and search for the package at the indicated location. The pictures, in this case, are used as clues that could be used for guiding the hunter (Management Association ed. 2013). The photos that are used to indicate the physical location are most important part of Geocaching. It acts as the reference for the treasure hunt, and the hunters are lured by the pictures. The more convincing the pictures are the hunters are more lured towards the location (Tonge et al. 2011). The game that recently has caught the attention of people name Pokmon Go uses the same concept for hunting down the Pokmons. Geocaching has caught the attention of the criminal as they try to lure the gamers to a remote location and loot them. There had been incidents of crimes that involve shooting (Trial begins in the shooting of boy, 13, geocaching with his father The Mercury News, 2016). There are various websites that are open to the user which create a community for the players. These communities can be accessed by users from different places, and these users can upload various tasks for the fellow users making the game the perfect recipe for disaster. The criminal can use these platform s to lure the gamers into a trap and do things that have always been condemned (Valli and Hannay 2010). Hence it always suggested that the sources of such treasure hunts be always checked before leaping into it. Conclusion The credibility of every user can be guaranteed, any information in such hand should be treated as a threat. The networking site such as Instagram allows users to upload picture instantaneously thus showing the location and picture of the user, through which the general idea about the user can be grasped and used against them. As it has been aptly said that a picture is worth thousands of words and such information in wrong hand is a serious threat. In this article, the various threats that an internet user faces due to sharing of images and photos on the internet has been discussed in detail. The various aspects that have been discussed in the segment are publishing photos in the digital world its impact on the user and the consequences. In the next section, the various malicious uses of the picture have been discussed in detail for making the user more aware of the consequences that they can suffer due to sharing of images in various internet platforms. The next section contains th e impact of malicious practices on the defaulter have been presented to prevent the users of the internet from committing such crimes. Then the ethical issues of sharing the different types of the picture have been discussed, which will help in understanding the impact of sharing pictures with the community. The subsequent sections deal with the impact of sharing the picture of children and the ownership of the pictures in case of deceased users. Sharing of the picture of children can have an impact on the child as the future of the children is yet to unfold. In this scenario, the rights of the owner have been discussed. Finally, the security aspects of the pictures have been shared, which contains the issue related to sharing of pictures in SNSs, the need for a better security measure to prevent identity threats and the present genre of games that uses Geocaching to lure the user into traps. References The Mercury News. (2016). Trial begins in the shooting of boy, 13, geocaching with his father Mercurynews.com. Retrieved 9 September 2016, from https://www.mercurynews.com/2011/09/28/trial-begins-in-shooting-of-boy-13-geocaching-with-his-father/ Valli, C. and P. Hannay (2010). Geotagging Where Cyberspace Comes to Your Place Ryan, M., Ogilvie, M., (2011),Uncovering hidden meanings, values and insights through photos.E-Journal of Business Research Methods,9(1),25-34,Reading, UK. Tonge, J., Moore, S.,Ryan, M., Beckley, L., (2011),Using photo-elicitation to explore place attachment in a remote setting.The Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies,629-637,Reading, United Kingdom. Cripps, H.,Standing, C., Fanning, S., (2015),Does social media work in business-to-business marketing context?.Proceedings of the 2nd European Conference on Social Media ECSM 2015,89-95,Reading, UK. Management Association ed., (2013).K-12 Education: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications. IGI Global. Dhouha, A.F., Camenisch, J., Ignatenko, T., Johnstone, M.N., Koster, P., Lange, B., Petkovic, M., Sommer, D. and Zic, J., (2014). Authentication and authorisation in entrusted unions. Innocent, T. and RILE, M., (2014). The augmented bush walk: adaptation in cross-media ecologies. InxCoAx 2014(pp. 234-247). Universidade do Porto. Johnston, J., Keyzer, P., Holland, G., Pearson, M.L., Rodrick, S. and Wallace, A., (2013). Juries and social media: a report prepared for the Victorian Department of Justice.Juries and Social Media: A Report Prepared for the Victorian Department of Justice, pp.1-30. Cook, D.M., Kumar, A. and Unmar-Satiah, C., (2015). Loyalty cards and the problem of CAPTCHA: 2nd tier security and usability issues for senior citizens. Allen, Q. (2012). Photographs and stories: ethics, benefits, and dilemmas of using participant photography with Black middle-class male youth.Qualitative Research, 1468794111433088. Djajadikerta, H., and Trireksani, T., (2013),Executive Perceptions of CSR.Socially Responsible and Sustainable Business Around the Globe: The New Age of Corporate Responsibility,70-79,Champaign, Illinois, USA. Keyzer, P., Johnston, J., Pearson, M., Rodrick, S.,and Wallace, A., (2013),The Courts and Social Media: What Do Judges and Court Workers Think?.Judicial Officers' Bulletin,25(6),47-51,Australia. Langmann, S., and Pick, D. (2014). Dignity and ethics in research photography.International Journal of Social Research Methodology,17(6), 709-721. Palacios-Gonzlez, C. (2015). The ethics of clinical photography and social media.Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy,18(1), 63-70. Quinn, S. M. F., and Manning, J. P. (2013). Recognizing the ethical implications of the use of photography in early childhood educational settings. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood,14(3), 270-278. Scarles, C. (2013). The Ethics of Tourist Photography: Tourists' Experiences of Photographing Locals in Peru.Environment and Planning D: Society and Space,31(5), 897-917. Van der Rijt, R., and Hoffman, S. (2014). Ethical considerations of clinical photography in an area of emerging technology and smartphones.Journal of medical ethics,40(3), 211-212. Barbovschi, M.,Green, L., Vandoninck, S., (2013),Innovative approaches for investigating how children understand risk in new media: Dealing with methodological and ethical challenges.,United Kingdom. Bobkowski, P., and Smith, J. (2013) "Social media divide: characteristics of emerging adults who do not use social network websites",Media, Culture Society, 35(6), pp. 771-781. Cook, D.M. (2010) "The Use of Governance to Identify Cyber Threats Through Social Media," in The 1st International Cyber Resilience Conference, Perth, Western Australia: secau - Security Research Centre, Edith Cowan University, 2010, pp. 31-40. Green, L., (2013),Analysing data from innovative designs.Innovative approaches for investigating how children understand risk in new media: Dealing with methodological and ethical challenges,ECU Kids Online. Greensmith, G.,Green, L., (2015), Reporting random mass shootings: The copycat effect?. Ethical Space: the international journal of communication ethics, 12(3/4), 73-80, Suffolk, UK. Hannay, P. and G. Baatard (2011). GeoIntelligence: Data Mining Locational Social Media Content for Profiling and Information Gathering. The 2nd International Cyber Resilience Conference. C. Valli. Duxton Hotel, Perth, Western Australia, secau - Security Research Centre, Edith Cowan University: 29-37. Hazell, T. (2011) "Use social media websites responsibly, urges NMC president Tony Hazell",Nursing Standard, 25(41), pp. 26-26. Livingstone, S. (2014) "Developing social media literacy: How children learn to interpret risky opportunities on social network sites",Communications, 39(3). ORourke, S. (2011). Empowering protest through social media. The 2nd International Cyber Resilience Conference. C. Valli. Duxton Hotel, Perth, Western Australia, secau - Security Research Centre, Edith Cowan University: 47-55. Staksrud, E., lafsson, K. and Livingstone, S., (2013). Does the use of social networking sites increase childrens risk of harm?.Computers in Human Behavior,29(1), pp.40-50 Stein, L. (2009) "Social Movement web use in theory and practice: a content analysis of US movement websites",New Media Society, 11(5), pp. 749-771.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Othello Essays (1453 words) - Othello, Iago, Emilia, Michael Cassio

Othello Othello, written by William Shakespeare is the story of Othello, the protagonist and tragic hero of the play. A Moor commanding the armies of Venice, he is a celebrated general and heroic figure whose free and open nature will enable Iago to twist his love for his wife Desdemona into a powerful jealousy. Iago is Othello's ensign, and Shakespeare's greatest villain. His public face of bravery and honesty conceals a Satanic delight in manipulation and destruction. Passed over for a promotion by his commander, he vows to destroy the Moor. If Iago is an artist of evil, then this scene is the finest canvas he paints. This is the crucial moment in the play, the scene where he, , deceives Othello and induces him to fall. He does so by expanding on the tactics used in prior scenes. Once the seed of doubt is planted in the Moor's mind with a quick Ha! I like not that (III.iii.35) (when they come upon Desdemona and Cassio) and a few probing questions about the ex-lieutenant's relationship to Othello's wife, Iago retreats into the guise he has adopted. He becomes honest Iago, again, as in the brawl in Act II, scene ii--the reluctant truth-teller who must have unpleasant news dragged from him by a determined Othello. The honesty suggested by his reluctance to speak is reinforced by the moralizing tone that he takes with his commander. Iago actually lectures Othello, warning him against jealousy (the green-eyed monster) and insisting that he will not speak slander: he that filches from me my good name / Robs of that which not enriches him / And makes me poor indeed (III.iii.158-61). At the same time, he plays upon the insecurities of the honest, noble African in sophisticated, decadent Venice by lecturing Othello on how Venetian women are deceitful and treacherous by nature. The overall effect is to pour verbal poison in his master's ear--not by lying, but by flavoring truth with innuendo. Othello will later declare that he is not easily jealous, and that assessment of his character seems to be shared by most of the figures around him in the play. The critical response is mixed--some critics insist that his claims to be innocent of jealousy are merely self-justifying, and certainly he slips easily into assuming his wife to be unfaithful. Other critics make the distinction between an inner, self-created jealousy, which he seems to lack, and a deep insecurity and trusting nature, as Iago puts it, which allow a clever manipulator to plant seeds of doubt. Behind his insecurity lies a man uneasy with his place in Venetian society: he may have married a white woman, a daughter of a Senator, but can he keep her? The seizure of the handkerchief is a great coup for Iago in his quest to destroy Othello, and he is aided by his wife, who apparently has no scruples about betraying her mistress in small matters. Shakespeare will eventually transform Emilia into a voice of moral outrage, and by the final scene the audience will applaud her role in Iago's destruction, but for now it is worth noticing that she is only Iago's accomplice. It will take a great shock to inspire outrage against him--a shock which comes too late. The scene ends with Iago triumphant, named as lieutenant (the rank to which he aspired from the beginning) to a man bent on destruction, and ready to join in that destruction himself--because in killing Cassio and Desdemona, Othello is killing himself. And that, of course, has been Iago's goal from the beginning. Othello's wild, violent behavior in front of Lodovico, in which he strikes his wife and abuses her for no apparent reason, demonstrate the perversion of order that Iago has brought about. There is no one to halt Othello's lawlessness, because he himself is the law in Cyprus. Othello's accusations and refusal to accept Desdemona's denials are brutal and unfair, but his language recovers some of the nobility that it had lost in previous scenes. Iago-like curses are replaced by sorrowful laments for what has been lost, and the audience is reminded the heroism and dignity that Othello possessed at the beginning of the play. His cry O, thou weed, / Who art so